Transformations in the work environment

impacts of remote work on physical health, mental well-being, and social relationships

Abstract

Introduction: This study analyzed the impacts of remote work across various dimensions, focusing on the experiences of respondents distributed into clusters. Motivated by the growth of remote work driven by the pandemic and technological advancements, the research explored aspects such as interruptions in the domestic environment, adaptation of spaces and equipment, organizational factors, physical and mental health, and the benefits and challenges perceived by workers.  Method: The methodology was divided into three phases: (1) the development and application of an online questionnaire based on regulatory norms and ergonomic principles, targeting administrative staff from an educational institution in southern Brazil; (2) data systematization and analysis using the R software, employing clusterization techniques to identify homogeneous profiles among respondents; and (3) interpretation and correlation of results to propose specific improvements and goals.  Results: The findings revealed significant heterogeneity in respondent experiences. While some reported improvements in quality of life (57.1%) and family bonds (42.9%), others faced challenges such as stress (36.7%), difficulties maintaining focus (40.8%), and discomfort in their work environment due to issues like inadequate natural lighting (20.4%) and furniture (16.3%). Interruptions caused by family members, external noise, and the combination of domestic and work tasks were identified as major sources of distraction and stress. Conclusions: The study highlights both the benefits and challenges of remote work, suggesting that investments in technology, ergonomics, and clear management policies are essential to maximize gains and mitigate negative impacts. The adoption of hybrid models is proposed as a viable solution to balance productivity and well-being. Future research could explore specific interventions and their long-term impacts, contributing to more inclusive and sustainable practices in the context of remote work.